full transcript
From the Ted Talk by Janet Iwasa: The wonders of the molecular world, animated
Unscramble the Blue Letters
And now let's take a look at the nucleus, which houses our genome in the form of DNA. In all of our cells, our DNA is cared for and maintained by a diverse set of proteins. DNA is wound around proteins caelld histones, which enable cells to pack large amounts of DNA into our nucleus. These machines are called ctiarmohn remrleeods, and the way they work is that they basically scoot the DNA around these histones and they allow new peices of DNA to become epxeosd. This DNA can then be recognized by other machinery. In this case, this large molecular machine is looking for a sgmenet of DNA that tells it it's at the beginning of a gene. Once it fnids a segment, it blicslaay undergoes a series of shpae changes which enables it to bring in other machinery that in turn allows a gene to get turned on or transcribed. This has to be a very tightly regulated process, because tiurnng on the wrong gene at the wrong time can have disastrous consequences.
Open Cloze
And now let's take a look at the nucleus, which houses our genome in the form of DNA. In all of our cells, our DNA is cared for and maintained by a diverse set of proteins. DNA is wound around proteins ______ histones, which enable cells to pack large amounts of DNA into our nucleus. These machines are called _________ __________, and the way they work is that they basically scoot the DNA around these histones and they allow new ______ of DNA to become _______. This DNA can then be recognized by other machinery. In this case, this large molecular machine is looking for a _______ of DNA that tells it it's at the beginning of a gene. Once it _____ a segment, it _________ undergoes a series of _____ changes which enables it to bring in other machinery that in turn allows a gene to get turned on or transcribed. This has to be a very tightly regulated process, because _______ on the wrong gene at the wrong time can have disastrous consequences.
Solution
- turning
- exposed
- called
- basically
- chromatin
- segment
- pieces
- remodelers
- finds
- shape
Original Text
And now let's take a look at the nucleus, which houses our genome in the form of DNA. In all of our cells, our DNA is cared for and maintained by a diverse set of proteins. DNA is wound around proteins called histones, which enable cells to pack large amounts of DNA into our nucleus. These machines are called chromatin remodelers, and the way they work is that they basically scoot the DNA around these histones and they allow new pieces of DNA to become exposed. This DNA can then be recognized by other machinery. In this case, this large molecular machine is looking for a segment of DNA that tells it it's at the beginning of a gene. Once it finds a segment, it basically undergoes a series of shape changes which enables it to bring in other machinery that in turn allows a gene to get turned on or transcribed. This has to be a very tightly regulated process, because turning on the wrong gene at the wrong time can have disastrous consequences.
Frequently Occurring Word Combinations
ngrams of length 2
collocation |
frequency |
natural world |
3 |
create visualizations |
2 |
molecular world |
2 |
proteins called |
2 |
give rise |
2 |
Important Words
- amounts
- basically
- beginning
- bring
- called
- cared
- case
- cells
- chromatin
- consequences
- disastrous
- diverse
- dna
- enable
- enables
- exposed
- finds
- form
- gene
- genome
- histones
- houses
- large
- machine
- machinery
- machines
- maintained
- molecular
- nucleus
- pack
- pieces
- process
- proteins
- recognized
- regulated
- remodelers
- scoot
- segment
- series
- set
- shape
- tells
- tightly
- time
- transcribed
- turn
- turned
- turning
- undergoes
- work
- wound
- wrong