full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Janet Iwasa: The wonders of the molecular world, animated

Unscramble the Blue Letters

And now let's take a look at the nucleus, which houses our genome in the form of DNA. In all of our cells, our DNA is cared for and maintained by a diverse set of proteins. DNA is wound around proteins caelld histones, which enable cells to pack large amounts of DNA into our nucleus. These machines are called ctiarmohn remrleeods, and the way they work is that they basically scoot the DNA around these histones and they allow new peices of DNA to become epxeosd. This DNA can then be recognized by other machinery. In this case, this large molecular machine is looking for a sgmenet of DNA that tells it it's at the beginning of a gene. Once it fnids a segment, it blicslaay undergoes a series of shpae changes which enables it to bring in other machinery that in turn allows a gene to get turned on or transcribed. This has to be a very tightly regulated process, because tiurnng on the wrong gene at the wrong time can have disastrous consequences.

Open Cloze

And now let's take a look at the nucleus, which houses our genome in the form of DNA. In all of our cells, our DNA is cared for and maintained by a diverse set of proteins. DNA is wound around proteins ______ histones, which enable cells to pack large amounts of DNA into our nucleus. These machines are called _________ __________, and the way they work is that they basically scoot the DNA around these histones and they allow new ______ of DNA to become _______. This DNA can then be recognized by other machinery. In this case, this large molecular machine is looking for a _______ of DNA that tells it it's at the beginning of a gene. Once it _____ a segment, it _________ undergoes a series of _____ changes which enables it to bring in other machinery that in turn allows a gene to get turned on or transcribed. This has to be a very tightly regulated process, because _______ on the wrong gene at the wrong time can have disastrous consequences.

Solution

  1. turning
  2. exposed
  3. called
  4. basically
  5. chromatin
  6. segment
  7. pieces
  8. remodelers
  9. finds
  10. shape

Original Text

And now let's take a look at the nucleus, which houses our genome in the form of DNA. In all of our cells, our DNA is cared for and maintained by a diverse set of proteins. DNA is wound around proteins called histones, which enable cells to pack large amounts of DNA into our nucleus. These machines are called chromatin remodelers, and the way they work is that they basically scoot the DNA around these histones and they allow new pieces of DNA to become exposed. This DNA can then be recognized by other machinery. In this case, this large molecular machine is looking for a segment of DNA that tells it it's at the beginning of a gene. Once it finds a segment, it basically undergoes a series of shape changes which enables it to bring in other machinery that in turn allows a gene to get turned on or transcribed. This has to be a very tightly regulated process, because turning on the wrong gene at the wrong time can have disastrous consequences.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
natural world 3
create visualizations 2
molecular world 2
proteins called 2
give rise 2

Important Words

  1. amounts
  2. basically
  3. beginning
  4. bring
  5. called
  6. cared
  7. case
  8. cells
  9. chromatin
  10. consequences
  11. disastrous
  12. diverse
  13. dna
  14. enable
  15. enables
  16. exposed
  17. finds
  18. form
  19. gene
  20. genome
  21. histones
  22. houses
  23. large
  24. machine
  25. machinery
  26. machines
  27. maintained
  28. molecular
  29. nucleus
  30. pack
  31. pieces
  32. process
  33. proteins
  34. recognized
  35. regulated
  36. remodelers
  37. scoot
  38. segment
  39. series
  40. set
  41. shape
  42. tells
  43. tightly
  44. time
  45. transcribed
  46. turn
  47. turned
  48. turning
  49. undergoes
  50. work
  51. wound
  52. wrong